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Toxic gases like H2S, NH3, NO2- are always a top concern for shrimp farmers, primarily originating from excess feed and organic waste accumulating at the pond bottom. To protect shrimp health, this article provides a detailed analysis of the formation mechanisms of these gases under the influence of pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, while offering a proactive management solution to help farmers optimize the farming environment according to Uni-President's sustainable model.
External parasites in whiteleg shrimp not only weaken shrimp and slow their growth, but also serve as an important warning sign that pond water quality is seriously deteriorating. The period from 30–60 days of culture is considered a critical stage, as organic waste accumulates, algae fluctuate, and environmental parameters become unstable, creating favorable conditions for parasite outbreaks. This article helps farmers recognize early signs of parasitic infections, understand their causes and impacts, and apply effective prevention and treatment strategies to protect shrimp health, productivity, and farming profitability.